Building Near-Real-Time Processing Pipelines with the Spark-MPI Platform

Advances in detectors and computational technologies provide new opportunities for applied research and the fundamental sciences. Concurrently, dramatic increases in the three Vs (Volume, Velocity, and Variety) of experimental data and the scale of computational tasks produced the demand for new real-time processing systems at experimental facilities. Recently, this demand was addressed by the Spark-MPI approach connecting the Spark data-intensive platform with the MPI high-performance framework. In contrast with existing data management and analytics systems, Spark introduced a new middleware based on resilient distributed datasets (RDDs), which decoupled various data sources from high-level processing algorithms. The RDD middleware significantly advanced the scope of data-intensive applications, spreading from SQL queries to machine learning to graph processing. Spark-MPI further extended the Spark ecosystem with the MPI applications using the Process Management Interface. The paper explores this integrated platform within the context of online ptychographic and tomographic reconstruction pipelines.Comment: New York Scientific Data Summit, August 6-9, 201

Future Sea Level Change Under Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and Phase 6 Scenarios From the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets

Projections of the sea level contribution from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets (GrIS and AIS) rely on atmospheric and oceanic drivers obtained from climate models. The Earth System Models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) generally project greater future warming compared with the previous Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) effort. Here we use four CMIP6 models and a selection of CMIP5 models to force multiple ice sheet models as part of the Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for CMIP6 (ISMIP6). We find that the projected sea level contribution at 2100 from the ice sheet model ensemble under the CMIP6 scenarios falls within the CMIP5 range for the Antarctic ice sheet but is significantly increased for Greenland. Warmer atmosphere in CMIP6 models results in higher Greenland mass loss due to surface melt. For Antarctica, CMIP6 forcing is similar to CMIP5 and mass gain from increased snowfall counteracts increased loss due to ocean warming

Farmer advisory systems and pesticide use in legume-based systems in West Africa

Despite the adverse effects of pesticides on the environment and human health, they are a key ingredient in boosting agricultural productivity as a way of meeting global food demand. While global levels of pesticides are towering in high-income countries, pesticide use in many parts of Africa remains low, with significant impacts on agricultural productivity and food production. We use a rich longitudinal dataset to examine the relationship between farmer advisory systems and pesticide use in legume-based production systems in Ghana, Mali, and Nigeria. We find that farmers who are advised by private extension systems are approximately 8 % more likely to use pesticides at an extensive level. They also use pesticides more intensively (41 %). On the other hand, farmers advised by public extension systems are about 5 % more likely to extensively use pesticides. These farmers are observed to reduce the intensive use of pesticides by about 14 %. Furthermore, we also show that farmers advised by joint private-public extension systems are about 4 % more likely to use pesticides as well as reduce their intensity of use by approximately 11 %. At the various country levels, there exists significant heterogeneity in the relationship between advisory systems and pesticide use, suggesting that context matters. Of course, the pesticide regulatory systems and the institutional environments in these countries vary greatly. Given these findings, our study offers key entry and leveraging points for increasing pesticide use at levels that limit their environmental and human effects but may ascertain increased agricultural productivity and food production

Stereoselective synthesis of the C(53)-C(67) polyene fragment of amphidinol 3

A stereoselective synthesis of the polyene fragment C(53)-C(67) of amphidinol 3 is described using a sequence of reduction, benzoylation, and reductive elimination for the stereospecific preparation of the polyene motif as key steps starting from acetylenic precursors

Basic Hemodynamic Monitoring Using Ultrasound or Electrical Cardiometry During Transportation of Neonates and Infants

OBJECTIVES: Electrical cardiometry and heart ultrasound might allow hemodynamic evaluation during transportation of critically ill patients. Our aims were 1) to test feasibility of stroke volume monitoring using electrical cardiometry or ultrasound during transportation and 2) to investigate if transportation impacts on electrical cardiometry and ultrasound reliability. DESIGN: Prospective, pragmatic, feasibility cohort study. SETTING: Mobile ICUs specialized for neonatal and pediatric transportation. PATIENTS: Thirty hemodynamically stable neonates and infants. INTERVENTIONS: Patients enrolled underwent paired stroke volume measurements (180 before/after and 180 during the transfer) by electrical cardiometry (SVEC) and ultrasound (SVUS). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: No problems or malfunctioning occurred neither with electrical cardiometry nor with ultrasound. Ultrasound lasted on average 90 (10) seconds, while 45 (15) seconds were needed to instigate electrical cardiometry monitoring. Coefficient of variation was higher for SVUS (before/after: 0.57; during: 0.66) than for SVEC (before/after: 0.38; during: 0.36). Correlations between SVEC and SVUS before/after and during the transfer were r equal to 0.57 and r equal to 0.8, respectively (p always \textless 0.001). Bland-Altman analysis showed that stroke volume tends to be higher if measured by electrical cardiometry. SVEC measured before (5.5 [2.4] mL), during (5.4 [2.4] mL), and after the transfer (5.4 [2.3] mL) are similar (p = 0.955); same applies for SVUS before (2.6 [1.5] mL), during (2.4 [2] mL), and after (2.9 [2] mL) the transfer (p = 0.268). CONCLUSIONS: Basic hemodynamic monitoring is feasible during pediatric and neonatal transportation both with electrical cardiometry and ultrasound. These two techniques show comparable reliability, although stroke volume was higher if measured by electrical cardiometry. The transportation itself does not affect the reliability of stroke volume measurements

Efficient syntheses of the polyene fragments present in amphidinols

The C53-C67 and C53-C65 polyene fragments of amphidinols have been synthesized in an efficient and convergent fashion from sorbic acid in good overall yields (30-31%) by employing a chemoselective cross-metathesis of a Weinreb amide and a Julia-Kocienski olefination as the key steps

Kitware/trame: v3.2.6

Fix get_server: Enable decorator like usage of the method (c47f5fa) Documentation website: Improve responsiveness (dfd4c6c) examples: Better formatting (b69f286) discussion: Add example for 342 (7df9327) examples: Fix links on gallery (a337c85) website: Update guides (533dce1) Improve doc (427f79f) events: Update core features (8617dc1) examples: The basics (0b48852) website: Add more basic examples (d18860e) website: Fix image path (3d77c93

Modelling interranual variability of methane emissions from a temperate degraded peatland

International audienceWetlands are the largest natural source of methane in the atmosphere. How the methane emissions from wetlands will evolve with global change is a subject of debate. In this study, we investigate the interannual variability of methane emissions from a temperate degraded peatland located in the Sologne region (French Region Centre) and test the ability of the land surface model ORCHIDEE to reproduce this variability. The site is instrumented for long term monitoring of the hydrological parameters, greenhouse gas emissions, dissolved organic content and biodiversity. The peat has undergone several perturbations due to the urbanization of the site that led to drainage and invasion by vascular plants (Molinia Caerula, Erica Tretalix). Our study focuses on the 2014-2020 period after a hydrological restoration was undertaken. The model, driven by meteorological data and constrained by in situ hydrological data, primary productivity and total soil carbon, is able to reproduce the general temporal trend in methane emissions. The model is used to investigate the effect of climatological conditions (droughts) and vegetation changes (invasion by vascular plants) on the observed trend of methane fluxes. The model is also used to study the relative contributions of different methane transport processes (by the plants, from ebullition and diffusion) to the methane flux observed in La Guette peatland

Kitware/trame: v3.2.5

Fix readme: Links for PyPI (e57cb3e) Documentation readme: Update image links (47d205c) features: Add missing links (c156261) vitepress: Update content (a116c31) website: Migrate to vitepress (e8a8acf) vue3: Trame-components now support vue2 and 3 (ea5bbcf) issue: Add working code for 329 (641cd3e) discussion: Working example for 328 (9d7677f) v3: Update listing with vue3 router support (b634e2a) examples: Improve error validation one (e42ea8e) jupyter: More examples (b962d9e) jupyter: Update notebook (24964bc) panel: Provide parity example (8304056) readme: Add pypi badges (8c363c1) example: Add mutli server example in jupyter (4ee68a8) panel: Add example to compare with panel (12de48e